Animal Farm Vs. The Godfather Essays - British Films, Cold War Films

Animal Farm Vs. The Godfather Animal Farm vs. The Godfather George Orwell and Mario Puzo wrote Animal Farm and The Godfather (from the book The Godfather), respectively, to express their disillusionment with society and human nature. Animal Farm, written in 1944, is a book that tells the animal fable of a farm in which the farm animals revolt against their human masters. It is an example of social criticism in literature in which Orwell satirized the events in Russia after the Bolshevik Revolution. He anthropomorphizes the animals, and eludes each one to a counter part in Russian history. The movie The Godfather, directed by Francis Ford Coppula, also typifies this kind of literature. Besides the central theme of mob life, is another prevalent theme, that of a revolution gone bad. He shows us that, unfortunately, human nature causes us to be vengeful and, for some of us, overly ambitious. Both of these works are similar in that both describe how, even with the best of intentions, our ambitions get the best of us. Both of the authors also demo nstrate that violence and the Machiavellian attitude of the ends justifying the means are deplorable. George Orwell wrote Animal Farm, to discredit the Soviet system by showing its inhumanity and its back-sliding from ideals [he] valued (Gardner, 106) Orwell noted, there exists in England almost no literature of disillusionment with the Soviet Union. Instead, that country is viewed either with ignorant disapproval or with uncritical admiration. (Orwell, 10) The other animals take this utopian idea to heart, and one day actually do revolt and drive the humans out. Two pigs emerge as leaders: Napoleon and Snowball. They constantly argued, but one day, due to a difference over plans to build a windmill, Napoleon exiled Snowball. Almost immediately, Napoleon established a totalitarian government. Soon, the pigs began to get special favors, until finally, they were indistinguishable from humans to the other animals. Immediately the reader can begin to draw parallels between the books characters and the government in 1914-1944 Russia. For example, Old Major, who invented the idea of anima lism, is seen as representing Karl Marx, the creator of communism. Snowball represents Trotksy, a Russian leader after the revolution. He was driven out by Napoleon, who represents Stalin, the most powerful figure in the country. Napoleon then proceeded to remove the freedoms of the animals, and established a dictatorship, under the public veil of animalism. Pigs represent the ruling class because of their stereotype: dirty animals with insatiable appetites. Boxer, the overworked, incredibly strong, dumb horse represents the 2 of 4 common worker in Russia. The two surrounding farms represent two of the countries on the global stage with Russia at the time, Germany and England. Orwell begins his book by criticizing the capitalists and ruling elite, who are represented in Animal Farm by Mr. Jones, the farmer. He is shown as a negligent drunk, who constantly starved his animals. His character is already established as self-indulgent and uncaring. (King, 8) Orwell shows us how, if only animals became aware of their strength, we should have no power over them, and that men exploit animals in much the same way as the rich exploit the proletariat. (Gardner, 97) What was established in Russia after the Bolshevik Revolution was not true communism (animalism), which Orwell approved of, where the people owned all the factories and land. Rather, state communism was established, where a central government owned them. Orwell thought that such a political system, state communism, was open to exploitation by its leaders. Napoleon, after gaining complete control, did anything he wished reserved the best for the pigs, and treated the other animals cruelly. The animals coul d not do anything, unless they again realized their strength in numbers against their own kind. Unfortunately, they were too stupid to realize this and accepted the status quo. It began when the milk and apples were appropriated to the pigs, and continued to when the pigs could drink and sleep on beds, until finally the pigs were the human masters to the rest of the animals. Orwell criticized Germany, representing it as Pinchfield Farm, which betrayed Animal Farm by paying for lumber with counterfeit money. In real life, this represents the Soviet-Germany

Bridget Riley and Victor Vasarely essays

Bridget Riley and Victor Vasarely essays Bridget Riley was an English painter, she painted abstract shapes that looked like optical illusions when you looked at them, and these were known as "Op Art. In the Early 1950s she went to Goldsmiths College and the Royal College of Art. She became famous by doing lots of black and white paintings in the 196Os that included paint lines of pure colors, which changed the brightness of the individual colors. During the 1970s, Riley's range of colors started to include both black and white. Despite her paintings being mainly abstract, Riley's works were intended to remind her of her own visual experience of the world Victor Vasarely studied in Budapest at the Podolini-Volkmann Academy, then at a school of graphic arts. Victors work though out the 1930s consisted of designing posters, he liked to use effects of graphic patterns and space illusions, which concentrated mainly on painting. His first exhibition contained many different patterns such as zebras and chessboards. In the late 1940s Victor focused on paint geometric abstraction that promoted Op Art in the 1950s with compositions based on different kinds of patterns. ...

Adam as the Hero of Paradise Lost Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Adam as the Hero of Paradise Lost - Essay Example It is a mistake to suppose that he could ever have been intended for the popular personification of evil’ (Shelley). This view of Satan is debatable and needs to be discussed in detail. Satan has remained the most dynamic character of the epic but Adam personifies the values and traits that far exceed that of Satan who needs to plot against him to remain in good books of God in the Paradise. Satan is portrayed as a headstrong, confident and brave person but his vanity about his own powerful stature and his ambition to become God brings about his downfall. He challenges the God’s son ascendancy and incites other angels ‘[B]y what best way†¦Whether of open war or covert guile,/We now debate; who can advise, may speak’ (ll. 40-42). In fact, Satan’s character is highly anti-hero primarily because despite having commendable personality and traits, his failure to cash on his good qualities is frequently displayed through his shrewd planning and deceit. He uses subterfuge and tempts Eve with apple so that Adam can also commit the action that would make him fall from God’s grace. Satan’s continued revolt against God’s decision is highly critical aspect of Satan’s character and reveals his flaws that promote chaos and therefore, do not let him become the hero of the epic. ‘Th’ Infernal Serpent; he it was whose guile / Stirred up with envy and revenge, deceived / The mother of mankind, what time his pride / Of rebel angels, by whose aid aspiring / To set himself in glory above his peers / He trusted to have equaled the Most High’ (I. 35-40). The cunning and ambiguity of character diminish his more heroic traits. Satan is also shown to possess vanity and would rather prefer hell to heaven if he can be a ruler there! ‘Better to reign in hell than serve in heaven’ (Book I, l. 263). Despite his bitterness, he accepts hell so that he could remain in the commanding position. His ego and his ambitious goal to become the heir of God encourage

Mutations of Drosophila Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mutations of Drosophila - Lab Report Example Life cycle of drosophila, from the egg stage to adult stage lasts for ten days at room temperature. Eggs are laid and hatched into first instars larvae. The larvae feed voraciously on the culture medium provided, and undergo several instars stages and finally the third instars larvae crawls up the sides of the bottle away from the culture medium. At this stage they stop and their larval cuticle hardens to form a dark brown pupa. Metamorphosis then takes place during this pupal stage, and larvae tissues disintegrate and restructure to form an adult fly within the pupal case. Adult fly thereafter emerge from the pupal case immediately the metamorphosis stage is completed. Wings then expand and dry up, the abdomen becomes curved while the body color becomes darker. Distinctions between male drosophila from female drosophila i. The male drosophila has a small, densely packed tuft of bristles called sex comb on the first pair of appendages, and a fringe of black bristle on the forelegs ii. Tips of the abdomen are elongated and somehow pointed in female drosophila and more rounded in male drosophila. iii. Abdomen of the female drosophila has many segments (7 in number), as compared to male drosophila with only five (5) segments. In this case study, the normal fly was categorized as a wild type while the other type of fly exhibiting a phenotypic mutation was categorized as mutants. Mutants were given names that denoted the type of mutation the fly exhibits. For instance, the mutant ebony had a much darker body than the wild type fly. Construction of a chromosome map in Drosophila A chromosome map was constructed form three breeding results using testcrosses that involved flies heterozygous at more than one locus, and taking into account the frequencies of crossover between the loci. Three loci on the second chromosome, an auto some, was chosen to for this experiment for the effect of body color, wing size, and eye color. Each locus had a wild type and mutant allele whose traits were as listed on the table below: Characteristic Chromosome Genes Body Color X Y = yellow body W= white eye V = vermilion (bright orange-red eye) M = miniature wings (wings go only to tip of abdomen) B = bar eyes (Semi-dominant in fem ale) narrow eye plus some double x-chromosomes mutants Wing shape 2 Ap = apterous (wingless) Dp = bumpy wings Vg = vestigial wings Bw = brown eye (dark red eye) Eye Color 3 Se = sepia eye (dark red eye) E = ebony body (dark body) Cross 1 Punnett square F1s CnBw Cnbw cnBw cnbw CnBw CnCn, BwBw CnCn, Bwbw Cncn, BwBw Cncn, Bwbw Cnbw CnCn, Bwbw CnCn, bwbw Cncn, BwBw Cncn, bwbw cnBw Cncn, BwBw Cncn, Bwbw cncn, BwBw cncn, Bwbw cnbw Cncn, Bwbw Cncn, bwbw cncn, Bwbw cncn, bwbw From the table above, a di-hybrid cross of each of the F1 parents produced four different gamete types contributing to 16 (4x4) possible offspring combinations. Because of the two different traits shown in the table above, there is complete dominance and separate independent of each other, and the expected genotypic and phenotypic rations from this analysis calculated is to be 9:3:3:1. It was examined that the inheritance of eyes color and wing shape by crossing two pure breeding straits of Drosophila melanogastern. Ph enotypes of the progeny are as shown below: Phenotypes Number of progeny Males Females Total Brown eyes 46 29 75 Red eyes 29 10 39 Orange eyes 18 7 25 139 Cross 2 DpX^wm DpX^wm dpX^wm dpX^wm DpX^wm DpDp,X^wmX^wm DpDp,X^wmX^wm Dpdp,X^wmX^wm Dpdp,X^wmX^wm DpY DpDp, X^wmY DpDp,X^wmY Dpdp, X^wmY Dpdp, X^wmY dpX^wm Dpdp,X^wmX^wm Dpdp,X^wmX^wm dpdp, X^wmX^wm dpdp,X^wmX^wm dpY Dpdp, X^wmY Dpdp

Consumer law in england and wales Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Consumer law in england and wales - Article Example Accordingly, in this paper I shall adopt a focused approach and particularly consider the e-commerce driven consumer measures and their concomitant impact on consumer law in England and Wales. The rapid pace of online business activity has fuelled piecemeal responsive legislative measures in an attempt to balance the interests and protection of consumers whilst simultaneously facilitating market growth. It is submitted at the outset, that ad hoc responsive EU legislative measures have been insufficient to cover the multifarious consumer transactions covered by the "e-commerce" umbrella. Moreover, the underlying weakness in such measures has been the fact that effective online business is clearly dependent on effective consumer protection as opposed to being mutually exclusive. If we consider this contextually, within England and Wales the primary issue impacting consumer protection under the e-commerce paradigm has been effective consumer protection vis-'-vis optimum market facilitation. ... Additionally, in order to commercially exploit the new e-commerce business model, the key to growing a successful online business is to ensure compliance with legal requirements regarding the selling of goods and services to consumers, work with reliable internet service providers and programmers and utilise effective marketing tools to promote business (Alexiou, 2002). As such, the central consumer protection legal issues raised by this are as follows: 1) The use of online terms and conditions - Standard commercial agreements need to consider the protection against unfair commercial practices and unfair contract terms (Singleton, 2003). Moreover, consumer contracting on online terms and conditions raises jurisdiction and applicable law issues; and 2) Data protection compliance needs to be addressed both in respect of collecting information on online users, selling customer lists and monitoring e-mail and viral marketing. Businesses must be registered with the Information Commissioner for processing and implement an online privacy policy and marketing and detailed internal policies on employee monitoring (Smith, 2001). Furthermore, the e-commerce business model involves the provision of goods and services online in the course of business to consumers at a distance and as such, raises issues as to applicable law and enforceability, which is further compounded by borderless frontiers in enforcement (Smith, 2001). The global nature of transacting online has fuelled a number of international e-commerce initiatives (Lloyd 2004). However, the rhetoric of these proposed models focus solely on the regulatory aspect of e-commerce, which is arguably one element of wider issues raised by e-commerce from a

Government Strategies to Control Inflation

Government Strategies to Control Inflation With reference to the UK, examine and discuss the methods open to a government to control the rate of inflation within an economy. Introduction Inflation refers to an increase in the price level of goods and services in a given economy. Since inflation is concerned with increases in the cost of living rather than increases in the cost of a particular good, it is measured using a price index which monitors the price of a weighted ‘basket’ of goods. In the UK, the main price indices are the Retail Price Index (RPI), the Retail Price Index excluding Mortgage Interest Payments (RPIX) and the Consumer Price Index (CPI). Responsibility for the control of inflation was handed from the Treasury to the Bank of England in 1997 at which time the RPIX was used to measure inflation and the inflation target was set at 2.5%. Since December 2003, the CPI has replaced the RPIX as the main inflation measure and the target has been set at 2%. Diagram 1 (below) depicts annual inflation rates in the UK from 1997 to 2007 as measured by both the RPIX and the CPI. This essay will first outline the main theories put forward to explain the causes of inflation and the methods that each theory suggests would control inflation. The next section considers inflation in the UK from 1997 to date, and then evaluates the measures employed by the Bank of England in order to try to control inflation in that period. Causes of inflation and methods of inflation control There are two main schools of thought on the causes of inflation. The Keynesian school posits that changes in the real supply of or demand for goods and services are the key causes of inflation. Thus in order to reduce inflation, an expansion in supply or a contraction in demand is necessary to reduce the price level. This can be achieved through fiscal or monetary policy or a combination of the two. Fiscal policy such as an increase in income tax rates, has the effect of reducing effective demand for goods and services and thus can be used to lower inflation. Furthermore, a reduction in sales taxes (VAT in the UK) can reduce inflation to the extent that that inflation is caused by an increase in consumer prices. Monetary policy, through an increase in interest rates, can reduce aggregate demand through discouraging borrowing, increasing saving and reducing the disposable income of homeowners as the cost of mortgage repayments increases. The monetarists, on the other hand, argue that inflation is caused primarily by changes in the supply of and demand for money. In this view, then, inflation can be reduced either by reducing the supply of, or increasing the demand for, money. Given that either the government or the central bank (as in the case of the UK where the Bank of England has had independence on monetary policy since 1997) sets the price of money (i.e. the interest rate), they are able to control the supply of and demand for money. This suggests that fiscal policy can be used to affect aggregate supply and aggregate demand while monetary policy can be used to affect aggregate demand (particular in an economy with a high level of mortgaged home-ownership) and the supply of and demand for money. Inflation in the UK and Bank of England control measures from 1997 to 2008 The diagram above shows UK inflation (as measured by RPIX and CPI) from 1997 to 2008 together with the inflation targets set for the Bank of England by the government. This shows that from 1997 to 2003, inflation was held within 0.5% of its target. In 2004, inflation as measured by its (then new) CPI target was on the low side but from 2005 to 2007, it was within a healthy 0.5% range of target. In recent months, however, inflation has been climbing and is predicted to go over 3% at some point before the end of 2008. In order to understand inflation and inflation control in the UK, it is necessary to understand some of the specificities of the UK economy. In the first place, the nature of the UK housing market (which is characterized by high loan-to-value ratios, relatively few long-term fixed rate mortgages, and ease of re-mortgaging) makes house prices particularly responsive to interest rates. Cameron (2005:3) explains that ‘a one percentage point rise in the short-term real interest rate would reduce house prices over a five year period by 2.6% in the UK, 1.8% in the US, and 1.3% in Germany.’ Furthermore, in the UK, house prices have a major impact on consumer spending. Cameron (2005:3) explains that house prices are more volatile in the UK than elsewhere in the developed world, and that the impact of house prices on consumer spending is also particularly heavy in the UK – according to the OECD, a 1% fall in UK housing wealth correlates with a 0.07% fall in consumer spendi ng. This can be seen as due to the high levels of home ownership and the high loan-to-value ratios of mortgages. This demonstrates that while monetary policy can be very effective in reducing aggregate demand via just a small increase in interest rates, the converse is also true – in other words, a small reduction in interest rates will have a significant effect on aggregate demand and so will lead to a significant increase in inflation. This last point is well illustrated by the current situation in the UK. The Bank of England is mandated to control inflation (as mentioned previously the target is 2% as measured by the CPI) but has control only over monetary policy and not over fiscal policy. Monetary policy impacts economic growth as well as inflation and therefore when the economy is slowing (as is currently the case) and potentially heading towards recession, interest rates may be used to stimulate growth even if this may also increase inflation to an unacceptable level (when it goes over 3% the governor of the Bank of England must write an explanatory letter to the Chancellor of the Exchequer). As the Economist (2008:38) explains, in January of this year, ‘consumer prices were 2.2% higher than a year ago—a bit above the governments 2.0% inflation target. The banks central forecast shows inflation heading up to 3% by the third quarter of this year.’ The Bank of England (2008) itself certainly blames the predicted escalation of inflation over the acceptable 3% level on the problem of balancing growth objectives with inflation targets given that monetary policy is the only tool at its disposal, claiming that the ‘combination of slow growth and above-target inflation poses substantial challenges for policy.’ Conclusion The Bank of England (2008) explains that ‘higher energy, food and import prices push inflation up sharply in the near term.’ This is echoed by analysis in the Economist (2008:38) which claims that increasing ‘home-energy bills, which have jumped by nearly 15% so far this year, will add almost half a percentage point to consumer-price inflation in February. Food-price inflation, which is currently 6.6%, is likely to rise further. Import prices will be pushed up by a weaker pound, whose 6% fall in the last three months was the biggest since sterlings ignominious exit from the European exchange-rate mechanism in 1992.’ In order to address this kind of inflation without stifling economic growth at a time when growth is already slowing, policies need to be directed at aggregate supply of goods and services. As was outlined above, monetary policies have an impact on the supply and demand for money and also on aggregate demand for goods and services. However, only fiscal policy impacts the aggregate supply of services. Thus in the context of low levels of growth and high levels of inflation, monetary policy (as controlled by the Bank of England) is not sufficient because if it focuses on controlling inflation it cannot also reverse the slowdown in economic growth, and if it focuses on economic growth, there is a danger that inflation will get out of control. Thus inflation controls should draw on a combination of fiscal and monetary policy. References Bank of England (2008) ‘Overview of the Inflation Report February 2008’ (downloaded from http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/publications/inflationreport/infrep.htm on 4 March 2008) Cameron, G. (2005) ‘The UK Housing Market: Economic Review’ (downloaded from http://hicks.nuff.ox.ac.uk/users/cameron/papers/ukhousingmarket.pdf on 4 March 2008) Economist (2008) ‘Economic woes: Fighting on two fronts: Britain’s central bank gets gloomier about growth and inflation’ in The Economist, February 16th-22nd 2008, p.38 OECD (2005) ‘Economic Survey of the United Kingdom, 2005 (downloaded from http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/18/34/35473312.pdf on 4 March 2008) Office for National Statistics (2008a) ‘RP07 RPI all items excluding Mortgage Interest Payments (RPIX) percentage change over 12 months (CDKQ)’ (downloaded from http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_economy/RPIX.pdf on 4 March 2008) Office for National Statistics (2008b) ‘CPI12 CPI all items percentage change over 12 months (D7G7)’ (downloaded from http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_economy/CPI.pdf on 4 March 2008)

Essay --

Theresa Manganiello December 17, 2013 Osmosis Lab report Bio Honors (Yellow) Creating a Semi-Permeable membrane 1. Define osmosis. The diffusion of water through selectively permeable membranes 2. What is a semi-permeable membrane? â€Å"A semipermeable membrane, also termed a selectively permeable membrane, a partially permeable membrane or a differentially permeable membrane, is a membrane that will allow certain molecules or ions to pass through it by diffusion and occasionally specialized "facilitated diffusion". â€Å" 3. What is dialysis tubing? Dialysis tubing is a type of semi-permeable membrane tubing made from regenerated cellulose or cellophane. It can be used for diffusion with solutes or osmosis if used with water only. 4. What molecules are able to pass through the dialysis tubing? Unable to pass through the dialysis tubing? Selective permeability of dialysis tubing shows ions and molecules can pass through the dialysis tubing. Dialysis tubing is not permeable to starch because starch is too large.. 5. What is distilled water? Distilled water is water that has been purified through a process of heating and cooling. 6. What is the common name for sucrose? Draw a molecule of sucrose. Table Sugar 7. Develop your hypothesis with your lab partner I think that the more time each bag is given, the heavier it will get. So my hypothesis is: In this lab, the bags with sucrose and unknown solution will be heavier than the bags with water, and as time goes on the bags with sucrose will have more mass than the others. Hypothesis In this lab, the bags with sucrose and unknown solution will be heavier than the bags with water, and as time goes on the bags with sucrose will have more mass than the others. Materials - 6 pieces of 15... ...because it reacted in the same way in which the sucrose did. In this lab, I created a model, and observed the model of a semi permeable cell membrane. I thought that the bags with sucrose and unknown solution will be heavier than the bags with water, and as time goes on the bags with sucrose will have more mass than the others. I was able to accept my hypothesis, and prove it true through the lab. Bag one basically stayed the same, and five and six went down. Bags 2-4 all increased drastically in mass, proving my hypothesis. This lab mirrors what some scientists do every day, whether it be creating models, or studying cells. No matter where we go, science will always be with us. Work cited "Animation: How Osmosis Works." Animation: How Osmosis Works. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Dec. 2013. "Learning By Osmosis." Something to Shout About. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Dec. 2013.

Cause and Effect of School Bullying Essay

In today’s society bullying is playing a big roll in schools. A ratio of 1:3 student have committed suicide or committed some kind of crime due to the act of being bullied. The kids who are being bullied are not only victims but the kids who are doing the bullying are victims also. If they are bullying they are having some type of problems at home. Not only that they have insecurities issues of some kind. This sometimes causes them to pick on people that have lower self-esteem issues than they have. Maybe this kids is overweight or maybe they wear glasses or even sometime they pick on people now a days from having slight mental illnesses. Bullying don’t always affect the kid it also affects the family. But it doesn’t always end in bad things in cases such as mines. On a personal note being a victim of bullying’ it did give me self-esteem issues. But those self-esteem issues became much bigger then my problems and I overcame them. I was bullied all throughout elementary, middle, and high school but only in the 9th grade. They talked about my legs, they talked about my chest, they talked about my teeth, pretty much anything they can talk about on me it was done. Was even just picked on and told that I was an ugly little girl. It had me down but when maturity hit for me those same guys and girls started to like me more. The biggest tease of them all was having short hair. It only encouraged me more to bring out my true beauty. So like said before bullying has cause me to be more open about everything even my sexuality which back then I was teased about but now I embrace being a lesbian. I think that only strong minded people can actually do some of the things I have done after being bullied. Now today I have grown beautifully and very successful if I must say. My past may hinder me a slight bit but there are still methods of me overcoming them. Based on my research if a student is lacking any types of family support, the effects can be more devastating. In some cases some kids that are affects by any type of traumatic events may disassociate themselves from the traumatic situation and absorb themselves in bad behavior. Sometimes they think that this negative attention is a good thing to help secure themselves. Something like when most kids mis-behave when their parents get divorces (Zigler, 2002). The only way they can cope is by doing wrong. Many kids who are affected by bullying can have their develop mental processes and some part of their brain affected by the events. In a recent survey of 1. 965 students between 7th and 12 grade 48% have reported being harassed in some kind of way by other students. (Anderson, 2011)

Free Essays on Animal Farm 2

Animal Farm 2 The British author George Orwell, pen name for Eric Blair, achieved prominence in the late 1940's as the author of two brilliant satires. He wrote documentaries, essays, and criticism during the 1930's and later established himself as one of the most important and influential voices of the century. Eric Arthur Blair (later George Orwell) was born in 1903 in the Indian Village Motihari, which lies near to the border of Nepal. At that time India was a part of the British Empire, and Blair's father Richard, held a post as an agent in the Opium Department of the Indian Civil Service. Blair's paternal grandfather, too, had been part of the British Raj, and had served in the Indian Army. Eric's mother, Ida Mabel Blair, the daughter of a French tradesman, was about eighteen years younger than her husband Richard Blair was. Eric had an elder sister called Marjorie. The Blairs led a relatively privileged and fairly pleasant existence, in helping to administer the Empire. Although the Blair family was not very wealthy, Orwell later described them ironically as "lower-upper-middle class (Gross, p.109)." They owned no property and had no extensive investments; they were like many middle-class English families of the time, totally dependent on the British Empire for their livelihoo! d and prospects. Even though the father continued to work in India until he retired in 1912, in 1907, the family returned to England and lived at Henley. With some difficulty, Blair's parents sent their son to a private preparatory school in Sussex at the age of eight. At the age of thirteen, he won a scholarship to Wellington, and soon after another to Eaton, the famous public school (Gross, p.112). His parents had forced him to work at a dreary preparatory school, and now after winning the scholarship, he was not any more interested in further mental exertion unrelated to his private ambition. ^At the beginning of Why... Free Essays on Animal Farm 2 Free Essays on Animal Farm 2 Animal Farm 2 The British author George Orwell, pen name for Eric Blair, achieved prominence in the late 1940's as the author of two brilliant satires. He wrote documentaries, essays, and criticism during the 1930's and later established himself as one of the most important and influential voices of the century. Eric Arthur Blair (later George Orwell) was born in 1903 in the Indian Village Motihari, which lies near to the border of Nepal. At that time India was a part of the British Empire, and Blair's father Richard, held a post as an agent in the Opium Department of the Indian Civil Service. Blair's paternal grandfather, too, had been part of the British Raj, and had served in the Indian Army. Eric's mother, Ida Mabel Blair, the daughter of a French tradesman, was about eighteen years younger than her husband Richard Blair was. Eric had an elder sister called Marjorie. The Blairs led a relatively privileged and fairly pleasant existence, in helping to administer the Empire. Although the Blair family was not very wealthy, Orwell later described them ironically as "lower-upper-middle class (Gross, p.109)." They owned no property and had no extensive investments; they were like many middle-class English families of the time, totally dependent on the British Empire for their livelihoo! d and prospects. Even though the father continued to work in India until he retired in 1912, in 1907, the family returned to England and lived at Henley. With some difficulty, Blair's parents sent their son to a private preparatory school in Sussex at the age of eight. At the age of thirteen, he won a scholarship to Wellington, and soon after another to Eaton, the famous public school (Gross, p.112). His parents had forced him to work at a dreary preparatory school, and now after winning the scholarship, he was not any more interested in further mental exertion unrelated to his private ambition. ^At the beginning of Why...

Fashion Designer Andrew Couregges essays

Fashion Designer Andrew Couregges essays The 1960s brought jet travel, The Beatles and the first moon landing. This new futuristic, youth-like mentality did away with the constraint of the 50s housewife. A sudden shift took place in the 60s towards being youth oriented. This sudden up raw started in London and is also known as the youth quake. The days of tightly boned silhouettes and high stiletto heels were banished by the innovative designs of Andre Courreges. Courreges designs proved to be his response to the coming way of life and sexual revolution. Born March 9th, 1923 in Pau, Pyrenees Atlantiques, and Courreges studied engineering at Ecole des Pont et Chaussees in Paris. Later on he worked as a chief cutter for Cristobal Balenciaga from 1950 to 1961. After working 10 years at the house of Balenciaga Courreges left with his wife as well as ex-Balenciaga employee, Coqeline to start his own business. Courreges believed that the fashion being made for women wasnt really practical. Courreges saw the male wardrobe as more logical and practical than a womans because of its unadorned and reductionist nature, resulting from its being pared down to the barest essentials over the passage of time. Courreges designs were a reflection of his engineering past as well has the skills he learned and perfected at Balenciaga. As a result he reinvented a new look of feminity, ironically quit the opposite that of Balenciaga. 1 Unlike the fashion of Balenciaga, Courreges used his cutting skills to free rather tan contain the body. He emphasized his theory by creating short trapeze skirts that showed extra movement and pairing the outfits with a flat shoe. A flat shoe makes women walk in a particular way, from the thigh and hip rather than the leg, moving the whole of the lower limb like a dancer.2 Courreges envisioned the movement of a womans body differently than any other...

Managing People in Organisations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing People in Organisations - Essay Example Managers should therefore be professional enough in trying to come up with the best style or a blend of styles that best suit their organisations in order to ensure that they achieve the underlying goals and objectives. Attention in the recent decades has been heavily laid on the field of leadership and the basic reason for this is to come up with the various impacts that a management or leadership style can positively impact the overall organisational performance. Effective leadership by many is taken to be the driving force of success for an organisation. Lack of this king of leadership proves detrimental and for this reason there are various leadership styles that shall be highlighted in this paper that are most common and whose use can either bring down or raise an organisation to prosperity depending on the particular organisational context (Northouse and Northouse 2009). These styles will assist in explaining how leadership styles can impact on organisation performance. There a huge link that exists between the leadership style and the organisational performance as highlighted above. In looking at this relationship it is important to appreciate that the first major aspect is that of practice. In the world today there increasingly high competition that managers are facing and this has bred rivalry that is based on innovation and dynamism in dealing with competitors (Koene et al. 2002). Therefore, the behaviour exhibited by a manager or leader is crucial in steering the organisation through this kind of competitive atmosphere that is full of challenges while trying to cope with the possible occurrence of diminishing returns. This also shows how important leadership can be in making an organisation take a competitive advantage over its rivals, enhance profitability and general organisational improvement. Organisational settings in many instances dictate the

Whether or not legislation should legalize marijuana for personal use Essay - 1

Whether or not legislation should legalize marijuana for personal use in Arizona - Essay Example Demands of making marijuana legal and authorized are against the health majors and ways to safeguard the physical wellness. By making the marijuana legal, the price will get declined terribly resulting in greater use of the drug. Altered state, the RAND Corporation has made a report that determined the possible outcomes in case of making the marijuana legal (RAND, 2012). According to the report, the cost of marijuana will crash rapidly that will ultimately force the addictives to consume it in greater quantity. It is the illicit nature of the drugs that has kept the prices of drugs to a higher slot. The use of drug is highly dependable on the availability of money, for the young children it is a good factor to make them away from the drug by remaining it non-affordable. The consumption of the items that have been declared as illegal such as tobacco and alcohol has left behind the marijuana use (Lowinson 1393). Thus, giving a clear signal that making things legal can enhance the availability and it gets acceptable by the majority. It can be clearly evident in the case of highly restricted prescription drugs like oxycontin, the drug became far more easily reachable then before resulting in inappropriate use. Although, the high restrictiveness was there to prevent all such acts. The revenue generated by the tax could be counterbalance by the social costs these legalize products put on the society. The social cost of alcohol and tobacco is much greater than the tax and other revenue it produce. In 2007, the tax collected by the federal excise was determined to be as $9 billion; however, only $5.5 billion was collected. On the other hand, $185 billion was the total social cost resulted from the alcohol and tobacco regarding health problems, criminal cases, lack of potency at workspace and other issues (The White House, 2013). The collected tax